Module 1 Solaris操作系统文件结构
学习目标:
叙述/根目录下的子目录;
叙述文件组成;
了解文件类型;
用文件硬链接
/ 根目录下的子目录:
根目录与子目录逻辑上是父子目录关系,但物理上并不是;
man -s5 filesystem 查看文件目录结构
find . -inum 11203 显示块11203的链接文件,
ls -lL 显示当前文件类型,如是符号文件,显示它的链接文件的类型;
ls -li 显示文件块号;
Module2 管理逻辑硬盘
显示系统硬件:
Using the /etc/path_to_inst file 这个文件最好不要手动改
Using the prtconf command
Using the format command
只显示已经附加上的设备:
# prtconf | grep -v not
注意: – The grep -v not command is used to omit all lines containing
the Word “not” from the output (such as driver not attached).
使用devfsadm 命令
To restrict the operation of the devfsadm command to a specific device
class, use the -c option.
devfsadm -c device_class
The values for device_classinclude disk, tape, port, audio, and
pseudo. For example, to restrict the devfsadm command to the disk
device class, perform the command:
# devfsadm -c disk
指定多个级时可以这样:
# devfsadm -c disk -c tape -c audio
为检测指定设备名字的:
devfsadm -i driver_name
例如:
devfsadm -i sd 只检测 sd 支持的磁盘
devfsadm -i st 只检测st 支持的磁盘
devfsadm -i dad 只检测dad支持的磁盘
根据devfsadm发现新硬件修改/devices和/dev目录的内容
devfsadm -v
去掉硬件后可用以下命令进行扫描更新"
devfsadm -C
用format 对磁盘进行分区:
Partition Table Terms and Usage
Term
Description
Part
The slice number. Valid slice numbers are 0 through 7.
Tag
A value that indicates how the slice is being used.
0 = unassigned
1 = boot
2 = root
3 = swap
4 = usr
5 = backup
6 = stand
8 = home
Sun StorEdge™ Volume Manager array tags:
14 = public (region)
15 = private (region)
Flag
00 wm = The disk slice is writable and mountable.
01 wu = The disk slice is writable and unmountable. This is the default state
of slices dedicated for swap areas.
10 rm = The disk slice is read-only and mountable.
11 ru = The disk slice is read-only and unmountable.
Cylinders
The starting and ending cylinder number for the disk slice.
Size
The slice size: Mbytes (MB), Gbytes (GB), blocks (b), or cylinders (c).
Blocks
The total number of cylinders and the total number of sectors per slice.
提示: $字符表示把磁盘剩余空间自动分配到这个切片;
Note – Enter a dollar ($) sign as a value for the last partition size to
automatically assign the remaining space on the disk to this slice.
管理磁盘label:
有两种方法:
format ---> verify
prtvtoc命令
例如:prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s2
The disk label information includes the following fIElds:
Dimensions
Describes the logical dimensions of the disk.
Flags
Describes the flags that are listed in the partition table.
Partition
A slice number. It is described further in
Table 2-2 on page 2-36.
Tag
A value used to indicate how the slice is being used. It is described further in Table 2-2 on page 2-36.
Flags
The 00 flag is read/write, mountable; 01 is read/write, unmountable; and 10 is read only. These are described further in Table 2-2 on page2-36.
First Sector
Defines the first sector of the slice.
Sector Count
Defines the total number of sectors in the slice.
Last Sector
Defines the last sector number in the slice.
Mount Directory
If the field is empty, the slice is currently not
mounted and no entry exists in the /etc/vfstab
file.
可以用prtvtoc 命令把磁盘的VTOC保存到一个文件中:
例如: prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s2 > /vtoc/c1t0d0
可以把prtvtoc命令的输出内容导入到另外一块硬盘中去:
例如: fmthard -s datafile /dev/rdsk/c #t #d #s2
注意: fmthard 命令不能修改未加label的磁盘,你可以用format来完成fmthard这一要求;
Caution – The fmthard command cannot write a disk label on an
unlabeled disk. Use the format utility for this purpose.
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